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Three-Day Week
The Three-Day Week was one of several measures introduced in the United Kingdom by the Conservative Government 1970–1974 to conserve electricity, the generation of which was severely restricted owing to industrial action by coal miners. The effect was that from 1 January until 7 March 1974 commercial users of electricity were limited to three specified consecutive days' consumption each week and prohibited from working longer hours on those days. Services deemed essential (e.g. hospitals, supermarkets and newspaper prints) were exempt.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/releases/2005/nyo/politics.htm )〕 Television companies were required to cease broadcasting at 10:30 during the crisis to conserve electricity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/counterpoint/the-uk-in-the-1970s/2974294 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://tvlistings.thetvroomplus.com/listing-333.html )〕
==Background==
Throughout the mid-1970s, especially 1974 and 1975, the British economy was troubled by high rates of inflation. To tackle this, the government capped public sector pay rises and publicly promoted a clear capped level to the private sector. This caused unrest among trade unions as wages did not keep pace with price increases. This extended to most industries including coal mining, which provided the majority of the country's fuel and had a powerful trade union.
By the middle of 1973, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) – drawn from a workforce who almost wholly worked for the National Coal Board – was requiring their members to work-to-rule; and as imports would affect the balance of trade, coal stocks slowly dwindled. The global effect of the 1973 oil crisis also drove up the price of coal. The administration of Prime Minister Edward Heath entered into negotiations with the NUM, to no avail.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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